Tavallo
Tashkent Jadid poet and publicist, author of the collection «Ravnaq ul-Islom»; repressed in 1937 and rehabilitated in 1968.
Biography
Tavallo is the pen name of the poet and publicist Tulagan Khojamyorov, a figure of the Jadid movement in Turkestan. He was born in 1883 in Tashkent, in the Kokcha quarter (the Obi Nazir neighbourhood), into the family of a merchant, Khojamyor Jiyanboyev. He learned to read at a traditional school and then studied at the Beklarbegi madrasa and at a Russian-native school.
In 1900, at seventeen, he went on his father's advice to Przhevalsk and worked there as a clerk for a local merchant. After his father's death in 1909 he returned to Tashkent and served as a bookkeeper at one of the city's trading companies. He studied the classics of Uzbek and Persian literature, as well as Arabic and Persian.
From 1905 Tavallo contributed poems and articles to «Turkiston viloyatining gazeti», «Sadoi Farg'ona», «Taraqqiy» and other periodicals; from the 1910s his poems appeared under the pen name Tavallo, given to him by his mentor, the poet Yusuf Saryomiy.
On 30 August 1914 he founded the publishing partnership «Nashriyot» in Tashkent together with Munavvarqori, Abdulla Avloni and others (twelve people in all). From 1915 he took part in the «Turon» society, formed on Avloni's initiative.
In 1916 his collection «Ravnaq ul-Islom», of seventy poems, was published. Written in the spirit of Turkism and Islamism in the traditional aruz metre, it remained the only book to appear in his lifetime. Professor Begali Qosimov republished it in 1993 with a foreword and commentary.
In 1918–1919 Tavallo sat on the executive committees of Tashkent's Old City and then New City, and later held various administrative posts. In the 1920s he published satirical verse in the magazine «Mushtum» under the pen name Mag'zava.
On 14 August 1937 he was arrested, accused of belonging to «counter-revolutionary» organisations («Turon», «Shuroyi islom», «Ittihodi taraqqiy», «Milliy ittihod», «Milliy istiqlol») and of promoting nationalist ideas in his poems. Sentenced by an NKVD troika, he was shot on 10 November 1937. He was rehabilitated on 18 October 1968.
Education
- Beklarbegi MadrasaMadrasa · Tashkent
Career
- Mushtum magazineContributor (satirical verse) · 1920–1929
- Executive Committee of Tashkent’s Old CityCommittee member · Tashkent · 1918–1919
- Nashriyot publishing partnershipOne of the founders · Tashkent · 1914–…
Life path
- 1900Clerk in Przhevalsk
At seventeen, on his father's advice, he went to Przhevalsk and worked as a clerk for a local merchant.
- 1905First publications
Began contributing poems and articles to «Turkiston viloyatining gazeti», «Sadoi Farg'ona», «Taraqqiy» and other periodicals.
- 1909Return to Tashkent
After his father's death he returned to Tashkent and became a bookkeeper at one of the trading companies.
- 1910sThe pen name Tavallo
His poems and articles began to appear under the name Tavallo, given to him by his mentor Yusuf Saryomiy.
- 1914The «Nashriyot» partnership
On 30 August he founded the book-publishing partnership «Nashriyot» in Tashkent with Munavvarqori, Abdulla Avloni and others.
- 1915The «Turon» society
Began to take part in the «Turon» society, formed on Avloni's initiative.
- 1916«Ravnaq ul-Islom»
His collection of seventy poems was published, the only book to appear in his lifetime.
- 1918–1919On the executive committees
Sat on the executive committees of Tashkent's Old City and then New City.
- 1920sIn «Mushtum»
Published satirical verse in the magazine under the pen name Mag'zava.
- 1937Arrest and execution
Arrested on 14 August; shot on 10 November on the sentence of an NKVD troika.
- 1968Rehabilitation
Rehabilitated on 18 October.
- 1993Reprint of «Ravnaq ul-Islom»
Professor Begali Qosimov republished the collection with a foreword and commentary.
Works
- «Ravnaq ul-Islom» (1916)Poetry collection
A collection of seventy poems in the traditional aruz metre; the author's only book published in his lifetime. Reprinted in 1993.
- Satirical verse in «Mushtum» (1920)Satirical verse
Satirical poems printed in the magazine «Mushtum» in the 1920s under the pen name Mag'zava.
Legacy
Tavallo is one of the Jadid poets formed in Tashkent's literary milieu; the ideas of nation and homeland hold a large place in his verse. He was rehabilitated after the repression of 1937, and «Ravnaq ul-Islom» was reprinted in 1993.
Era: The Jadid movement in Turkestan (1900s–1930s)- Founding of the «Nashriyot» partnership (1914)
- Publication of «Ravnaq ul-Islom» (1916)
- Arrest and execution (1937)
- Rehabilitation (1968)
